南海北部冬季陆架波特征Characteristics of Winter Continental Shelf Waves in the Northern South China Sea
周晨,李君益,郑全安,谢玲玲
摘要(Abstract)：
【目的】统计南海北部冬季沿岸传播的陆架波信号，分析其振幅、传播相速度、发生数量的年际变化以及波动对沿岸风的响应。【方法】基于1976—1997年坎门、厦门、汕尾、香港、闸坡5个验潮站的水位数据，利用小波分析等方法判断剔潮水位数据中的陆架波信号，并计算其传播相速度。【结果与结论】陆架波冬半年月平均信号数量约为1.34个，波动周期约为60～380 h，坎门、厦门、汕尾、香港、闸坡5站陆架波信号的平均振幅依次为0.424、0.425、0.313、0.297、0.314 m。陆架波信号发生数量的变化与厄尔尼诺事件能较好对应。陆架波向南传播过程中在5个站位的频率基本不变，坎门-厦门站之间的传播相速度为11.0～17.3 m/s，厦门-闸坡站的传播相速度为5.7～22.5 m/s，信号的传播性质与陆架波频散关系吻合。由陆架波信号与沿岸风的超前滞后关系得知，南海北部陆架波主要以自由波形式沿岸传播。
关键词(KeyWords)： 南海北部;陆架波;厄尔尼诺和南方涛动(ENSO);寒潮;频散关系
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（42276019）;; 广东普通高校创新团队项目（2019KCXTF021）;; 广东省冲一流专项资金（231419012,231919030）;; 自然资源部海洋环境信息保障技术重点实验室开放基金课题（2019）
作者(Author): 周晨,李君益,郑全安,谢玲玲
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