苏金枝,邓远,李振通,黎琳琳,邱弈树,丁小雨,段鹏飞,王心怡,王林娜,刘阳,王清滨,赵侠,孙芳芳,田永胜,李胜忠

• 1:新疆农业大学动物科学学院
• 2:中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所海水养殖生物育种与可持续产出全国重点实验室
• 3:青岛海洋科学中心海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室
• 4:莱州明波水产有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探究虾青素对赤点石斑鱼（Epinephelus akaara）生长、体色、皮肤色素和抗氧化性的影响，为虾青素在赤斑石斑鱼饲料中的应用及功效评价提供科学依据。【方法】在赤斑石斑鱼基础饲料中分别添加虾青素0、100、200、400和800 mg/kg，制成5种等氮等脂饲料，分别记为AST0（对照）、AST100、AST200、AST400和AST800组，饲喂初始体质量（6.17±0.26）g、全长（7.84±0.54）cm的赤点石斑鱼90 d，测定石斑鱼生长性能指标，用色差仪测定石斑鱼体色参数，通过双抗体一步夹心法酶联免疫吸附实验（ELISA）测定石斑鱼皮肤中类胡萝卜素和黑色素，用试剂盒测定石斑鱼肝脏总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）等抗氧化性能。【结果】与对照组比较，各实验组赤点石斑鱼的体质量、增重率、特定生长率、存活率、饲料系数和肥满度均无显著差异（P> 0.05）,AST800组的肝体指数显著降低（P <0.05）。随着饲料中虾青素添加量的增加，赤点石斑鱼的头部、体侧和尾部的皮肤斑点变橙黄色，腹鳍基部变深红色；鱼鳍上的色素团分布均呈背鳍、臀鳍和尾鳍色素细胞密度较高，胸鳍和腹鳍色素细胞密度较低的规律；虾青素添加组腹鳍中黄色素细胞和红色素细胞的数量增加。各虾青素添加组鳃盖、背部和尾柄皮肤与胸鳍、背鳍的亮度（L*）较对照组显著升高（P <0.05），鳃盖皮肤和背鳍的红度（a*）较对照组显著升高（P <0.05），鳃盖、背部、腹部和尾柄皮肤与胸鳍、背鳍和尾鳍的黄度（b*）较对照组显著升高（P <0.05）。饲料中添加虾青素显著增加赤点石斑鱼背部和腹部皮肤的类胡萝卜素浓度（P <0.05），以及腹部皮肤黑色素浓度（P <0.05）。赤点石斑鱼肝脏T-AOC、过氧化氢酶、超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶活性随饲料中虾青素添加量的增加而显著升高（P <0.05），丙二醛含量随饲料中虾青素添加量的升高而显著降低（P <0.05）。【结论】饲料中添加虾青素未显著影响体质量、增重率和特定生长率，显著改善赤点石斑鱼的体色、内在色素沉着，提高肝脏抗氧化能力。综合生长、体色、皮肤色素含量、抗氧化性数据，赤点石斑鱼饲料中适宜虾青素添加量为200～400 mg/kg。

关键词(KeyWords)： 赤点石斑鱼;虾青素;体色;皮肤色素;抗氧化性

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划（2022YFD2400502）;; 泰山产业领军人才项目（LJNY202109）;; 山东省重点研发项目（2022 LZGC016）;; 海南省重点研发项目（ZDYF2022XDNY243）;; 青岛市自然科学基金（23-2-1-53-zyyd-jch）;; 财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业海水鱼产业技术体系专项资助项目（CARS-47-G31）;; 中央公益性科学研究所基础研究基金（2020TD19）;; 黄海水产研究所科研经费（20603022021010）;; 青岛博士后应用研究项目

作者(Author): 苏金枝,邓远,李振通,黎琳琳,邱弈树,丁小雨,段鹏飞,王心怡,王林娜,刘阳,王清滨,赵侠,孙芳芳,田永胜,李胜忠

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