温度对奥尼罗非鱼仔稚鱼生长、饲料利用和消化酶活力的影响Effect of Temperature on the Growth,Feed Utilization and Digestive Enzymes Activity of Larvae and Juvenile of Hybrid Tilapia
王辉,强俊,李瑞伟
摘要(Abstract):
研究了温度22、25、28、31和34℃下奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus)仔稚鱼生长、饲料利用和消化酶活力。结果表明:1)不同温度对奥尼罗非鱼仔稚鱼生长有显著影响(P<0.05),温度为31℃时,仔稚鱼生长速度和绝对增重率最高,分别为0.08cm/d和0.035g/d;温度为22℃时最低,仅0.06cm/d和0.020g/d。2)饲料系数在28℃时最低,仅1.90;22和34℃时较高,达2.14和2.17,各组差异显著(P<0.05)。3)在仔稚鱼发育和存活率上,当温度在22~34℃时,温度越高,仔稚鱼发育越好;各组仔稚鱼的存活率介于93.7%~94.7%,差异不显著(P>0.05)。4)在消化酶活力上,胃蛋白酶、胰蛋白酶和淀粉酶活力随温度升高而升高,均在34℃时活力最高;脂肪酶活力在31℃时达到最高,22℃时活力最低。
关键词(KeyWords): 奥尼罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus×O.aureus);仔鱼;稚鱼;温度;生长;饲料利用;消化酶
基金项目(Foundation): 广东省科技计划项目(2006B202230017)
作者(Author): 王辉,强俊,李瑞伟
参考文献(References):
- [1]Core P D,Leith D A,English M J.A growth model for coho salmon including effects of varying rationallotments and temperature[J].Aquaculture,1983,30:125-143.
- [2]Elliott J M.The effects of temperature and ration size on the growth and energetics of salmonids in captivity[J].Comp Biochem Physiol,1982,73B:81-91.
- [3]Likongwe J S,Stecko T D,Stauffer J R,et al.Combined effects of water temperature and salinity on growth and feed utilization of juvenile Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus(Linneaus)[J].Aquaculture,1996,146(1-2):37-46.
- [4]黎军胜,李建林,吴婷婷.饲料成分与环境温度对奥尼罗非鱼消化酶活性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2004,11(6):585-588.
- [5]Abucay J S,Mair G C,Skininski D O F,et al.Environment sex determination:the effect of temperature and salinity on sex ratio in Oreochromis nitoticus L[J].Aquaculture,1999,173:219-234.
- [6]Azaza M S,Dhraief M N,Kraiem M M.Effects of water temperature on growth and sex ratio of juvenile Nile Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus(Linneaus)reared in geothermal waters in southern Tunisia[J].Journal of Thermal Biology,2007,192:132-145.
- [7]Baras E,Jacobs B,Mélard C.Effect of water temperature on survival,growth and phenotypic sex of mixed(XX-XY)progenies of Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus[J].Aquaculture,2001,192:187-199.
- [8]袁伦强,谢小军,曹振东,等.温度对瓦氏黄颡鱼仔鱼发育的影响[J].西南师范大学学报,2005,30(2):312-315.
- [9]叶金聪.温、盐度对鲈鱼早期仔鱼生长及存活率的影响[J].福建水产,1997,(1):15-18.
- [10]Morrison C M,Wright J R.A study of the histology of the digestive tract of the Nile tilapia[J].Journal of fish biology,1999,54:597-606.
- [11]黎军胜,李建林,吴婷婷.奥尼罗非鱼消化道蛋白酶分布与特性[J].南京农业大学学报,2004,27(1):81-84.
- [12]胡国成,李思发,何学军,等.不同饲料蛋白质水平对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼幼鱼生长和鱼体组成的影响[J].饲料工业,2006,27(6):24-27.
- [13]蔡一林,岳永生.水产生物统计[M].中国农业出版社,2004:86~91.
- [14]张晓华,苏锦祥,殷名称.不同温度条件对鳜仔稚鱼摄食和生长发育的影响[J].水产学报,1999,23(1):91-94.
- [15]张耀光,何学福,蒲德永.长吻鮠胚胎和胚后发育与温度的关系[J].水产学报,1991,15(2):172-176.
- [16]高淳仁,王印庚,马爱军,等.温度对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、成活率和体内蛋白酶活性的影响[J].海洋水产研究,2006,27(6):33-36.
- [17]Xie X J,Sun R Y.The bioenergetics of the southern catfish(Silurus meridionalis Chen):Growth rate as a function of ration level and temperature[J].J Fish Biol,1992,40:719-730.
- [18]谢小军,孙儒泳.影响鱼类代谢的主要生态因素的研究进展[J].西南师范大学学报(自然科学版),1989,14(4):141-149.
- [19]Zambonino Infante J L,Cahu C L,Peres A,et al.Sea bass(Dicentrarchus labrax)larvae fed different Artemia ratins:growth,pancreas enzymatic response and development of digestive functions[J].Aquaculture,1996,139(1-2):129-138.
- [20]Kohla U,Saint-Paul U,Friebe J.Growth,digestive enzyme activities and hepatic glycogen levels in juvenile Colosoma macropomum Cuvier from South America during feeding,starvation and refeeding[J].Aquaculture research,1992,23:189-208.
- [21]田宏杰,庄平,章龙珍,等.水温对施氏鲟幼鱼消化酶活力的影响[J].中国水产科学,2007,14(1):126-131.
- [22]陈品健,王重刚,郑森林.夏、冬两季真鲷仔、稚、幼鱼消化酶活性的比较[J].海洋学报,1998,20(5):90-92.
- [23]梅景良,马燕梅,张红星,等.夏、冬两季黑鲷消化酶活力的比较[J].中国海洋大学学报,2005,35(6):1001-1004.