李明,包鹏云,陶韦,南海林,徐哲,曹淑青,姜玉声,马悦欣

• 1:大连海洋大学/辽宁省水生生物学重点实验室
• 2:大连海事大学环境科学与工程学院
• 3:大连汇新钛设备开发有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】研究饲料中添加梅奇酵母（Metschnikowia sp.）C14和仙人掌有孢汉逊酵母（Hanseniaspora opuntiae）C21混合益生酵母菌对刺参（Apostichopus japonicus）幼参生长、消化酶活力和免疫反应的影响。【方法】将幼参分为4组，对照组饲喂基础饲料；实验组分别饲喂添加C14、C21及混合菌(C14+C21)饲料，分别记为M、H和MH组，每株菌添加量在各实验组均为1×10~5 g~(-1)。实验组幼参连续饲喂28 d后，均改饲基础饲料（29～38 d）。于7、14、21、28、29、31、33、35、38 d时测定幼参体质量，以比色分析法测定肠道消化酶活力以及体腔液上清液（CF）和体腔细胞裂解液上清液（CLS）的免疫参数，平板菌落计数法检测刺参肠道中饲喂酵母菌细胞数量。【结果】与对照和单一益生酵母菌（C14和C21）组相比，饲喂含混合菌饲料21和28 d时幼参特定生长率显著提高（28 d为2.48%·d~(-1)）。MH组幼参肠道胰蛋白酶（28,29～33 d）和脂肪酶（28,29～33 d）活力显著高于对照和单一益生酵母菌（C14和/或C21）组，28 d时分别为500 U·mg~(-1)和20 U·g~(-1)。与对照和单一益生酵母菌（C14和C21）组相比，MH组幼参体腔细胞的吞噬活力（28,29～33 d）和呼吸爆发（28,29～31 d）显著增强，28 d时吞噬的酵母颗粒为3.7×10~8 mg~(-1)，呼吸爆发（OD630 nm）为0.43。28d时，MH组幼参CF的溶菌酶（LSZ）和总一氧化氮合成酶（T-NOS）活力显著高于对照和H组，分别为17、5.5 U·mL~(-1);MH组幼参CLS的LSZ活力为18 U·mg~(-1)，显著高于其他3组，其T-NOS活力为7.0 U·mg~(-1)，显著高于对照及M组。停止饲喂含菌饲料后，MH组幼参CF的LSZ活力（29～35 d）和T-NOS(29～31 d)活力以及CLS的LSZ活力（29～31 d）和T-NOS(29～33 d)活力与其他3组之间差异仍显著。幼参肠道中C14和C21数量与肠道消化酶活力以及所测免疫参数（CF的T-NOS活力除外）呈正相关性。【结论】饲喂C14和C21混合益生酵母菌28 d对幼参生长、消化酶活力和先天免疫反应的影响大于饲喂单一酵母菌，停饲含混合益生菌饲料3 d内C14、C21仍显著影响幼参消化酶活力和免疫反应。

关键词(KeyWords)： 刺参;生长;消化酶活力;免疫反应;混合益生菌;梅奇酵母C14;仙人掌有孢汉逊酵母C21

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目（2020YFD0900202）;; 大连市杰出青年科技人才项目（2017RJ10）;; 辽宁省教育厅项目（JL201903）

作者(Author): 李明,包鹏云,陶韦,南海林,徐哲,曹淑青,姜玉声,马悦欣

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