方舟;俞骏;杨光明媚;韩霈武;

• 1:上海海洋大学海洋科学学院
• 2:大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室
• 3:国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心
• 4:农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探究金乌贼（Sepia esculenta）的日周期性，以及角质颚和内壳微结构在金乌贼年龄鉴定中的相关关系。【方法】根据2018年9月至2019年3月在东海外海海域（123°-127°E,28.0°-31.5°N）采集金乌贼132尾，对其角质颚、内壳微结构轮纹进行分析判读，并通过线性拟合、差异化比较等非分析角质颚、内壳微结构的轮纹特征，探讨两者轮纹数间及其与胴长的相关关系。【结果】金乌贼角质颚喙部切面生长纹主要分布在头盖区与侧壁区，对称分布于喙部截面纵轴的两侧，其喙部头盖区的背侧生长纹较为完整。角质颚生长纹中还存在标记轮、亚日轮以及其他特殊生长纹结构；金乌贼内壳微结构纵切面的生长纹，从顶端延续到底端，生长纹长度也随之递减。内壳与角质颚生长纹数目为56～137，二者线性相关系数R=0.947 1。内壳、角质颚轮纹数与对应样本胴长分别线性相关。【结论】金乌贼角质颚、内壳微结构与日龄线性相关，可作为年龄鉴定材料，但应根据实际情况进行选择。

关键词(KeyWords)： 金乌贼;角质颚;内壳;微结构;年龄鉴定

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划(2019YFD0901404);; 国家自然基金面上项目(NSFC41876141);; 农业部外海渔业开发重点实验室开放课题(LOF 2021-01)

作者(Authors): 方舟;俞骏;杨光明媚;韩霈武;

参考文献(References)：

• [1]郝振林,张秀梅,张沛东.金乌贼的生物学特性及增殖技术[J].生态学杂志, 2007, 26(4):601-606.
• [2]唐启升,叶懋中.山东近海渔业资源开发与保护.北京:农业出版社, 1990:1-212.
• [3]王晓华.金乌贼角质颚、内壳与生长的关系及染色体研究[D].中国海洋大学, 2012.
• [4]朱志校.山东省日照市开展乌贼增殖见成效[J].中国水产, 2000(9):51.
• [5] GILLANDERS B M. Connectivity between juvenile and adult fish populations:do adults remain near their recruitment estuaries?[J]. Marine Ecology Progress Series,2002, 240:215-223.
• [6]刘必林,陈新军,陆化杰,等.头足类耳石[M].北京:科学出版社, 2011:23-160.
• [7]李楠,俞骏,方舟,等.基于耳石日龄信息的东海海域剑尖枪乌贼日龄、生长及种群结构研究[J].水产学报,2021, 45(6):887-898.
• [8] RAYA C P, FERNANDEZ-NUNEZ M, BALGUERIAS E,et al. Progress towards ageing cuttlefish Sepia hierredda from the northwestern African Coast using statoliths[J].Marine Ecology Progress Series, 1994, 114:139-147.
• [9] CLARKE M. The identification of cephalopod “beaks” and the relationship between beak size and total body weight[J].Bulletin of the British Museum(Natural History), Zoology,1962, 8:419-480.
• [10] OGDEN R S, ALLCOCK A L, WATS P C, et al. The role of beak shape in octopodid taxonomy[J]. South African Journal of Marine Science, 1998, 20(1):29-36.
• [11] BORGES T C. Discriminant analysis of geographic variation in hard structures of Todarodes sagittatus from the North Atlantic[J]. ICES Marine Science Symposia,1995, 199:433-440.
• [12] RODRíGUEZ-DOMíNGUEZ A, ROSAS C,MéNDEZ-LOEZA I, et al. Validation of growth increments in stylets, beaks and lenses as ageing tools in Octopus maya[J]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2013, 449:194-199.
• [13] JACKSON G D. The use of beaks as tools for biomass estimation in the deepwater squid Moroteuthis ingens(Cephalopoda:Onychoteuthidae)in New Zealand waters[J]. Polar Biology, 1995, 15(1):9-14.
• [14]瞿俊跃,周敏华,韩霈武,等.基于内壳的西非乌贼日龄与生长特性[J].应用生态学报, 2021, 32(5):1873-1880.
• [15]费云乐.日照市岚山头近海金乌贼生长特征初步研究[J].水产养殖, 2020, 41(3):35-38.
• [16]李战军,李伟亚,王四杰,等.山东省金乌贼增殖放流现状与资源养护对策[J].水产学杂志, 2019, 32(6):64-68.
• [17] GABR H R, HANLON R T, HANAFY M H, et al.Maturation, fecundity and seasonality of reproduction of two commercially valuable cuttlefish, Sepia pharaonis and S. dollfusi, in the Suez Canal[J]. Fisheries Research,1998, 36(2/3):99-115.
• [18]刘必林,林静远,方舟,等.头足类角质颚稳定同位素研究进展[J].海洋渔业, 2018, 40(2):242-248.
• [19] YATSU A, MIDORIKAWA S, SHIMADA T, et al. Age and growth of the Neon flying squid, Ommastrephes bartrami, in the North Pacific Ocean[J]. Fisheries Research, 1997, 29(3):257-270.
• [20] CHEN X J, LU H J, LIU B L, et al. Age, growth and population structure of jumbo flying squid, Dosidicus gigas, based on statolith microstructure off the Exclusive Economic Zone of Chilean waters[J]. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom,2011, 91(1):229-235.
• [21]胡贯宇,陈新军,刘必林,等.茎柔鱼耳石和角质颚微结构及轮纹判读[J].水产学报, 2015, 39(3):361-370.
• [22] LE GOFF R, GAUVRIT E, DU SEL G P, et al. Age group determination by analysis of the cuttlebone of the cuttlefish Sepia officinalis L. in reproduction in the bay of Biscay[J]. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 1998, 64(2):183-193.
• [23] CLARKE M R. The identification of cephalopod beaks and the relationship between beak size and total body weight[J]. Bulletin of British Museum Natural History(Zo?l), 1962, 8(10):419-480.
• [24] CLARKE M R.“Growth rings” in the beaks of the squid Moroteuthis ingens(Oegopsida:Onychoteuthidae)[J].Malacologia, 1965, 3:287-307.
• [25]刘必林,陈新军.头足类角质颚的研究进展[J].水产学报, 2009, 33(1):157-164.
• [26] P E R A L E S-R A Y A C, B A R T O L O MéA,GARCíA-SANTAMARíA M T, et al. Age estimation obtained from analysis of Octopus(Octopus vulgaris Cuvier, 1797)beaks:Improvements and comparisons[J].Fisheries Research, 2010, 106(2):171-176.
• [27] A R K H I P K I N A I. Statoliths as ‘black boxes’(life recorders)in squid[J]. Marine and Freshwater Research,2005, 56(5):573.
• [28] PERALES-RAYA C, ALMANSA E, BARTOLOMéA, et al. Age validation in Octopus vulgaris Beaks across the full ontogenetic range:beaks as recorders of life events in octopuses[J]. Journal of Shellfish Research, 2014, 33(2):481-493.
• [29] DOUBLEDAY Z, SEMMENS J M, PECL G, et al.Assessing the validity of stylets as ageing tools in Octopus pallidus[J]. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 2006, 338(1):35-42.
• [30] HERMOSILLA C A, ROCHA F, FIORITO G, et al. Age validation in common Octopus Octopus vulgaris using stylet increment analysis[J]. ICES Journal of Marine Science, 2010, 67(7):1458-1463.
• [31] ARKHIPKIN A I. Age of the micronektonic squid Pterygioteuthis gemmata(Cephalopoda:Pyroteuthidae)from the central-east Atlantic based on statolith growth increments[J]. Journal of Molluscan Studies, 1997, 63(2):287-290.
• [32] ARKHIPKIN A I, SHCHERBICH Z N. Thirty years'progress in age determination of squid using statoliths[J].Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2012, 92(6):1389-1398.
• [33] BIZIKOV V A, JEREB P, RAGONESE S, et al. Squid age determination using statoliths:Proceedings of the international workshop held in the istituto di della pescae del pescato[J]. Fisheries Science, 1991, 1:39-51.
• [34]韩霈武,王岩,方舟,等.基于硬组织微化学技术的头足类洄游特征研究进展[J].广东海洋大学学报, 2021,41(4):142-152.
• [35]梁佳伟,彭苗苗,陈新军,等.北太平洋2种鱿鱼类角质颚生长特性及其种类判别[J].上海海洋大学学报,2021, 30(3):546-554.
• [36]刘必林,陈新军,方舟,等.利用角质颚研究头足类的年龄与生长[J].上海海洋大学学报, 2014, 23(6):930-936.
• [37] CHOE S. Daily age markings on the shell of cuttlefishes[J].Nature, 1963, 197(4864):306-307.
• [38]刘必林,陈新军,李建华.内壳在头足类年龄与生长研究中的应用进展[J].海洋渔业, 2015, 37(1):68-76.