斜生栅藻对全氟辛酸和Zn2+联合胁迫的生理生化响应Physiological and Biochemical Responses of Scenedesmus obliquus under the Stress of PFOA and Zn2+
杨顺航,李立杰,余佳妮,葛恒,马永华,廖木兰,尤德雨,李慧明,谭凤霞,柴毅,汪正刚
摘要(Abstract):
【目的】探究全氟辛酸(PFOA)与重金属锌(Zn~(2+))单一及联合暴露对斜生栅藻(Scenedesmus obliquus)的急性毒性效应和作用机制,为全氟化合物(Perfluorinated compounds,PFCs)和重金属在水生生态系统中的联合风险评估提供理论基础。【方法】将1×10~6mL~(-1)斜生栅藻分别在0~16 mg/L Zn~(2+)、0~350 mg/L PFOA单一处理组及0~1.5 TU联合处理组暴露96 h,分析暴露条件对斜生栅藻的细胞浓度、藻细胞叶绿素a(Chl a)、总蛋白(TP)含量、抗氧化系统、细胞外部形态、转化氨氮能力、Zn~(2+)与PFOA去除率等指标的影响。【结果与结论】处理96 h,Zn~(2+)与PFOA单一胁迫抑制斜生栅藻生长的半最大效应质量浓度(96 h-EC_(50))分别为14.17 mg/L和198.98 mg/L;二者联合胁迫96 h-EC_(50)为0.97 TU,作用模式为部分相加作用。Zn~(2+)和PFOA单一及联合胁迫下,藻细胞Chl a含量和TP含量均显著下降(P<0.05),表明藻细胞光合作用受阻;活性氧(ROS)活性和丙二醛(MDA)含量显著上升(P<0.05),促使细胞膜通透性增强,线粒体膜电位降低;T-AOC和SOD活性也因ROS的过度积累而呈现升高趋势。扫描电镜结果表明,联合胁迫会破坏藻细胞的外部形态。暴露液中总氮和氨氮含量都随污染物暴露浓度的增加而增加,联合暴露组与对照组相比差异更为明显;硝态氮含量始终保持低水平。斜生栅藻对PFOA的去除率仅有2%,对Zn~(2+)去除率为37.5%且随暴露浓度的增加而逐渐降低,表明斜生栅藻可以有效去除锌污染,但对全氟辛酸污染去除效果欠佳。
关键词(KeyWords): 斜生栅藻;重金属锌;全氟辛酸;暴露;急性毒性效应;转化氨氮;去除
基金项目(Foundation): 长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金(KFT202006);; 长江大学2023年大学生创新创业训练计划项目(序号223)
作者(Author): 杨顺航,李立杰,余佳妮,葛恒,马永华,廖木兰,尤德雨,李慧明,谭凤霞,柴毅,汪正刚
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