郝甜甜,于朝磊,王成强,王晓艳,李璐,李宝山,宋志东,王佩峰,李倩,王际英

• 1:山东省海洋资源与环境研究院/山东省海水渔用饲料工程技术研究中心/水生动物营养与饲料研发创新示范平台/山东省海洋生态修复重点实验室/烟台市海珍品质量安全控制与精深加工重点实验室
• 2:烟台经海海洋渔业有限公司
• 3:上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心/农业农村部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心/水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】研究硒对摄食高植物蛋白饲料大菱鲆（Scophthalmus maximus L.）幼鱼肝肠健康的影响，为降低低鱼粉饲料对鱼体肝肠健康的不利影响提供依据。【方法】以初始体质量（30.79±0.22）g的大菱鲆为研究对象，以鱼粉质量分数55%的饲料组为正对照组（DP），以质量分数27.6%混合植物蛋白替代质量分数30%鱼粉为负对照组（DN），分别在低鱼粉中添加0.3(D1)、0.6(D2)、1.2(D3)、2.4(D4)、4.8(D5)mg/kg亚硒酸钠，以肝脏和肠道生理生化指标、肠道形态结构及肠道菌群结构等指标评价硒对大菱鲆幼鱼肝脏和肠道健康的影响。实验养殖周期52 d。【结果】1）与DP组相比，DN组显著降低大菱鲆肝脏和肠道总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、总超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物（GSH-PX）酶活性（P <0.05）；低鱼粉饲料中添加亚硒酸钠均可以不同程度提升上述所有指标，并降低丙二醛（MDA）含量（P <0.05）。2）与DP组相比，DN组显著提高了大菱鲆幼鱼肝脏肝糖原和脂肪酸合成酶（FAS）含量（P <0.05），而FAS含量则在D1-D5组显著低于DN组（P <0.05）。幼鱼肝脏SE-P含量在D2和D5组显著高于DN组（P <0.05）。3)0.3～1.2 mg/kg亚硒酸钠可抑制由低鱼粉引起的pat1、lzm和gst的mRNA表达水平的下调和前肠皱襞高度和黏膜厚度的降低，并可以显著提高肠道胰蛋白酶活性、脂肪酶活性和淀粉酶活性（P <0.05）。4）低鱼粉组肠道微生物组成的丰度和多样性显著降低，而亚硒酸钠组则可以明显改善这些不良现象，并可提升有益菌丰度，降低致病菌丰度。【结论】亚硒酸钠可缓解高植物蛋白饲料对大菱鲆造成的免疫下降、肠道组织结构破坏、消化功能下降及肠道菌群紊乱等不良影响。在低鱼粉饲料中亚硒酸钠的建议添加剂量为0.6～2.4 mg/kg。

关键词(KeyWords)： 大菱鲆;肝肠健康;硒;高植物蛋白饲料

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 山东省重点研发计划（科技示范工程）（2021SFGC0701）;; 山东省自然科学基金青年基金（ZR2020QC205）

作者(Author): 郝甜甜,于朝磊,王成强,王晓艳,李璐,李宝山,宋志东,王佩峰,李倩,王际英

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