李禹韬,王若愚,马波,张颖

• 1:中国水产科学研究院黑龙江水产研究所/黑龙江省冷水性鱼类种质资源及增养殖重点开放实验室
• 2:国家渔业资源环境抚远观测实验站/农业农村部黑龙江流域渔业资源与环境科学观测实验站

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】综合比较翘嘴鳜（Siniperca chuatsi）与斑鳜（Siniperca scherzeri）之间消化系统形态学结构及其生理功能的差异，为后续开发合理的鳜养殖模式提供理论基础。【方法】随机选取5月龄翘嘴鳜和斑鳜个体各15尾，并采集其幽门盲囊、前肠、后肠、胃、肠道内容物以及血清样品，用于后续消化酶活性和肝功能指标检测、16S rDNA扩增子测序、免疫荧光染色以及组织形态学观察。【结果】在相同发育时期，翘嘴鳜体长和体质量均明显优于斑鳜（P <0.05）；另外翘嘴鳜幽门盲囊质量、幽门盲垂长度和数目、后肠绒毛长度均显著高于斑鳜（P <0.05）。肝功能参数检测发现，斑鳜谷丙转氨酶和谷草转氨酶、乳酸脱氢酶、碱性磷酸酶活性以及白蛋白水平均显著高于翘嘴鳜（P <0.05）。翘嘴鳜前肠、幽门盲囊以及胃中消化酶活性均明显高于斑鳜（P <0.05）。免疫荧光分析发现，翘嘴鳜肠道中闭锁蛋白、闭合蛋白的相对阳性率显著高于斑鳜，且二者前肠闭锁蛋白的相对表达水平显著低于后肠（P <0.05）。16S rDNA扩增子测序分析发现，二者间肠道微生物群落的β多样性存在显著差异（P <0.05）；另外，基于物种注释分析共鉴定到2个门水平类群及30个属水平类群的相对丰度在翘嘴鳜与斑鳜间存在明显差异（P <0.05）；微生物功能预测分析发现多条与免疫应答相关的细胞信号通路在斑鳜与翘嘴鳜间被显著富集（P <0.05）；与此同时，微生物表型分析也证实，斑鳜肠道微环境中潜在致病菌以及应激耐受性相关菌群的相对丰度均高于翘嘴鳜（P <0.05）。【结论】斑鳜与翘嘴鳜之间消化系统形态学结构及其生理功能的差异，从生理学上解释了斑鳜与翘嘴鳜间生长性能以及抗逆性差异的原因。

关键词(KeyWords)： 翘嘴鳜;斑鳜;消化系统;形态结构;生理功能

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 现代农业产业技术体系专项基金（CARS-46）;; 中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费（2023TD59）

作者(Author): 李禹韬,王若愚,马波,张颖

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