张娜,刘瑞琦,詹天宇,金凯,牛东红

• 1:上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心
• 2:乐清市农业农村发展中心
• 3:上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探究脯氨酸对高盐下缢蛏（Sinonovacula constricta）鳃组织结构、抗氧化能力及细胞凋亡的影响，进一步解析缢蛏耐高盐调控机制。【方法】将壳长（4.7±0.3)cm、体质量（5.0±0.3)g的缢蛏分别在盐度20（对照）、盐度32（高盐组，P_(S0)组）以及盐度32水体中添加5.0、7.5和10.0μg/mL脯氨酸（分别记为P_(S5)、P_(S7.5)、P_(S10)组）的条件下养殖96 h，观察各组鳃组织微观结构，测定各组鳃组织抗氧化酶活性，TUNEL检测细胞凋亡。【结果】高盐胁迫24 h后，P_(S0)组鳃组织结构随着胁迫时间的延长鳃丝溶解，鳃内腔扩大，鳃上皮细胞空泡化，整体收缩严重；P_(S5)组鳃组织结构较为完整，较高盐组有所缓解；P_(S7.5)与P_(S10)组在72～96 h时，鳃内腔扩大，鳃丝皱缩。高盐胁迫使鳃组织产生氧化应激，P_(S0)组丙二醛（MDA）含量在12 h时显著降低，之后持续显著升高（P<0.05），超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）显著升高，在24 h达到最大值后回落，96 h时仍显著高于对照组（P<0.05），过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性显著下降，在12 h时下降到最小值，随后回升，至96 h时仍显著低于对照组（P<0.05）。与高盐组相比，各添加脯氨酸组MDA含量在24～96 h时均显著降低（P<0.05）；各添加脯氨酸组SOD活性均先降后升变化趋势，P_(S5)、P_(S7.5)、P_(S10)组分别在12～24 h、6～12h、12 h时显著下降，之后逐渐回升，72～96 h时均显著高于高盐组（P<0.05);P_(S5)组CAT活性除24 h外，其他时间点均显著升高，P_(S7.5)、P_(S10)组仅在72～96 h时显著高于高盐组（P<0.05);96 h时，各添加脯氨酸组之间3种抗氧化指标无显著差异（P>0.05）。在高盐胁迫下，鳃细胞凋亡信号逐渐增多，大量鳃丝细胞出现全部凋亡的信号。P_(S5)组无明显凋亡信号；P_(S7.5)组与P_(S10)组在0～48 h时无明显凋亡信号，72 h时，出现凋亡信号。【结论】脯氨酸可有效缓解缢蛏在高盐胁迫时造成的组织损伤和氧化应激，减少细胞凋亡，从而提高机体的耐受能力。添加5.0μg/mL的脯氨酸对高盐胁迫的缓解效应更佳。

关键词(KeyWords)： 缢蛏;盐度;脯氨酸;鳃组织结构;抗氧化;细胞凋亡

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金（32373118）

作者(Author): 张娜,刘瑞琦,詹天宇,金凯,牛东红

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