蒋鑫涛,陈有铭,黄鉴鹏,欧光海,温震威,李豫,马骞,陈刚

• 1:广东海洋大学水产学院
• 2:广东蓝粮种业有限公司
• 3:广东省水产动物病害防控与健康养殖重点实验室

摘要(Abstract)：

【目的】探究饲料中添加由枯草芽孢杆菌（Bacillus subtilis）和嗜酸乳杆菌（Lactobacillus acidophilus）组成的复合益生菌对杂交石斑鱼（Epinephelus fuscogutatus♀×Epinephelus polyphekadion♂）生长性能、抗氧化能力、肠道组织形态和肠道菌群的影响。【方法】将复合益生菌粉按照0%、0.01%、0.10%和1.00%的质量比例分别添加到杂交石斑鱼的基础饲料中，投喂22 d后测定其生长指标、肠道抗氧化酶活性，HE染色切片观察肠道组织形态与结构，高通量测序分析肠道菌群结构。【结果】与对照组相比，添加组的存活率、特定生长率、增重率无显著差异（P>0.05）；添加组MDA活性均显著降低（P <0.05）,0.10%组的SOD活性显著升高（P <0.05）；添加组的后肠肌层厚度显著增加（P <0.05）；后肠绒毛宽度与黏膜层上皮内杯状细胞数量均随着复合益生菌添加量的增加而增加；菌群丰富度（ACE和Chao1）有所增加，但没有显著差异（P> 0.05）；菌群多样性（Simpson和Shannon）显著增加（P <0.05）；添加组鱼肠道菌群中严格梭菌属（Clostridium sensu stricto 1）和Turicibacter的种类相对丰度显著减少（P <0.05）；乳杆菌目（Lactobacillales）、拟杆菌门（Bacteroidota）、放线菌门（Actinobacteriota）、颤螺菌目（Oscillospirales）、瘤胃球菌科（Ruminococcaceae）和Muribaculaceae中的种类相对丰度显著增加（P <0.05）；功能预测分析中，添加组鱼的碳代谢、不同环境下的微生物代谢、抗生素的生物合成和次级代谢产物的生物合成相比对照组普遍显著上调（P <0.05）。【结论】饲料中添加该种复合益生菌可改善杂交石斑鱼肠道组织形态及消化吸收功能，强化肠道的抗氧化能力，提高益生菌的相对丰度，加强了肠道菌群对碳源的有效利用，改善肠道免疫平衡，对杂交石斑鱼的肠道健康具有积极作用。

关键词(KeyWords)： 杂交石斑鱼;复合益生菌;生长性能;抗氧化;肠道组织形态;肠道菌群

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2401203)

作者(Author): 蒋鑫涛,陈有铭,黄鉴鹏,欧光海,温震威,李豫,马骞,陈刚

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